Wake wezwa ngokuthepha kwenethiwekhi? Uma usebenza emkhakheni wokuxhumana noma i-cybersecurity, ungajwayela le divayisi. Kepha kulabo abangafani, kungaba yimfihlakalo.
Emhlabebeni wanamuhla, ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili. Izinkampani nezinhlangano zincike kumanethiwekhi abo okugcina idatha ebucayi futhi zixhumane namakhasimende kanye nabalingani. Bangaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi inethiwekhi yabo iphephile futhi ikhululekile ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe?
Le ndatshana izohlola ukuthi ithempeli le-Network liyini, ukuthi lisebenza kanjani, futhi kungani liyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuphepha kwenethiwekhi. Ngakho-ke ake singene ngaphakathi futhi sifunde kabanzi ngale divayisi enamandla.
Iyini ithimpeli lenethiwekhi (indawo yokungena esibulalayo)?
Ompompi wenethiwekhi babalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi okuphumelelayo nokuvikelekile. Banikeza izindlela zokuqapha, bahlaziye, bahlaziye, futhi bavikele nengqalasizinda yenethiwekhi. Ompompi wenethiwekhi bakha "ikhophi" yethrafikhi, enika amandla amadivaysi ahlukahlukene okuqapha ukufinyelela kulolo lwazi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukugeleza kwangempela kwamaphakethe wedatha.
Lawa madivayisi abekwe kahle kuyo yonke ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi ukuze aqinisekise ukuqapha okusebenzayo kakhulu okungenzeka.
Izinhlangano zingafaka ompompi wenethiwekhi ezindaweni abazizwa bezobonwa, kufaka phakathi ukuthola izindawo zokubutha idatha, ukuhlaziya, ukuqapha okujwayelekile, noma okubucayi okufana nokutholwa kokutholwa.
Idivayisi kampompi yenethiwekhi ayiguquli isimo esikhona sanoma iyiphi iphakethe kunethiwekhi esebenzayo; Mane nje kwakha umfanekiso wephakethe ngalinye elithunyelwe ukuze lidluliselwe ngokuxhumeka kwalo okuxhumeke kumadivayisi noma izinhlelo.
Inqubo yokukopisha yenziwa ngaphandle kokucindezela umthamo wokusebenza njengoba ingaphazamisi ukusebenza okujwayelekile ocingweni ngemuva kokuthepha kuqediwe. Ngakho-ke, ukunika amandla izinhlangano ungqimba owengeziwe wokuphepha ngenkathi ubona futhi uxwayisa umsebenzi osolisayo kwinethiwekhi yabo futhi ubheka izinkinga ze-latency ezingenzeka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuphezulu.
Ngabe umdlalo wenethiwekhi usebenza kanjani?
Ompompi wenethiwekhi yimishini eyinkimbinkimbi enika amandla abaphathi ukuthi bahlole ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yabo yonke ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo. Bangamadivayisi angaphandle asetshenziselwa ukuqapha umsebenzi womsebenzisi, bona ithrafikhi enobungozi futhi avikele ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi ngokuvumela ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwedatha egeleza ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwayo. Ompompi wenethiwekhi Bridge ungqimba lomzimba lapho amaphakethe ahamba kuwo amakhebude nezintambo kanye nezingqimba ezingenhla lapho kuhlala khona izinhlelo zokusebenza.
I-Tap Network Tap isebenza njengendlela yokushintsha nje ebonakalayo evula amachweba amabili abonakalayo ukuze ithambe wonke amathrafikhi angenayo naphumayo kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana kwenethiwekhi okudlula kuyo. Idivayisi yenzelwe ukuba yi-100% engathandeki, ngakho-ke ngenkathi inika amandla ukuqapha okuphelele, ukuhlwitha, nokuhlunga kwamaphakethe wedatha, ompompi wenethiwekhi abaphazamisi noma baphazamise ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yakho nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, basebenza kuphela njengeziteshi zokuhlela idatha efanelekile kumaphoyinti wokuqapha aqokiwe; Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke bahlaziye noma bahlole imininingwane abayiqoqayo - edinga enye ithuluzi elivela eceleni ukuze likwazi ukwenza kanjalo. Lokhu kuvumela abaphathi ukuphatha ngokunemba nokuvumelana nezimo uma kuziwa ekuthambekeleni ukuthi bangasebenzisa kanjani kangcono ompompi benethiwekhi ngenkathi beqhubeka nokusebenza ngokungaphazanyiswa kuyo yonke inethiwekhi yabo.
Kungani sidinga empompini yenethiwekhi?
Ompompi wenethiwekhi bahlinzeka ngeSisekelo sokuba nokubonakala okuphelele nokuqapha okuqaphelayo kanye nohlelo lokuqapha kunoma iyiphi inethiwekhi. Ngokuthepha kwi-Medium Medium, bangakhomba idatha ocingweni ukuze ikwazi ukusakazwa kwezinye izinhlelo zokuphepha noma zokuqapha. Le nto ebalulekile yokubonakala kwenethiwekhi iqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imininingwane ekhona emgqeni ayiphuthelwa njengoba ithrafikhi idlula, okusho ukuthi awekho amaphakethe ake aphonswe.
Ngaphandle kwezimpompi, inethiwekhi ayinakubhekelwa ngokuphelele futhi iphethwe. Abaphathi be-IT bangakwazi ukubheka ngokuthembekile izinsongo noma bathole ukuqonda kwe-greatarular kumanethiwekhi abo aphuma nge-band
Kanjalo, ikhophi eliqondile lezokuxhumana elingenayo naphumayo liyanikezwa, livumela izinhlangano ukuthi ziphenye futhi zithathe isinyathelo ngokushesha kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi osolisayo abangase bahlangane nabo. Amanethiwekhi ezinhlangano avikelekile futhi athembeke kulo mnyaka wanamuhla we-cybercrime, usebenzisa i-tap yenethiwekhi kufanele ibhekwe njengempoqo.
IZINDLELA ZOMVA KWE-NETWOT NE-LAPHO APHILAYO?
Uma kukhulunywa ngokufinyelela nokubheka ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-ompompi - ompompi bokubeka kanye namaphepha asebenzayo. Zombili zinikeza indlela elula nephephile yokufinyelela ukusakazwa kwedatha kusuka kunethiwekhi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza noma ukungeza okwengeziwe kwesistimu.
I-Passive Tap isebenza ngokuhlola amasiginali kagesi adlula ngokuxhumeka okujwayelekile kwekhebula ngaphezulu kwamadivayisi aphakathi kwamadivayisi amabili, njengaphakathi kwamakhompyutha namaseva. Inikeza iphuzu lokuxhumeka elivumela umthombo wangaphandle, njenge-router noma i-sniffer, ukufinyelela ukugeleza kwesiginali ngenkathi usadlula lapho uya khona. Lolu hlobo lwethepha lusetshenziswa lapho kuqashwa ukuthengiselana okuzwela isikhathi noma imininingwane phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili.
<Ompompi wenethiwekhi esebenzayo>
Imisebenzi esebenzayo kampompi efana nomlingani wayo nje kodwa inesinyathelo esingeziwe kwinqubo - ukwethula isici sokuvuselelwa kwesiginali. Ngokuvuselelwa kabusha kwesiginali, uthepha okusebenzayo kuqinisekisa imininingwane kungabhekwa ngokunembile ngaphambi kokuba kuqhubeke phansi kulayini.
Lokhu kuhlinzeka ngemiphumela engaguquki ngisho namazinga ahlukahlukene ama-voltage avela kweminye imithombo exhunywe ngapha nangapha. Ngokwengeziwe, lolu hlobo lwe-TAP lusheshisa ukuhanjiswa kunoma iyiphi indawo edingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izikhathi zokusebenza.
Yini izinzuzo zokuthepha kwenethiwekhi?
Ompompi wenethiwekhi seba bathandwa ngokwengeziwe eminyakeni yamuva njengoba izinhlangano zilwela ukukhulisa izindlela zabo zokuphepha futhi baqinisekise ukuthi amanethiwekhi abo ahlala ehamba kahle. Ngamandla okubheka amachweba amaningi ngasikhathi sinye, ompompi wenethiwekhi bahlinzeka ngesisombululo esisebenzayo nesibi nezinhlangano zezinhlangano ezifuna ukuthola ukubonakala okungcono kukho okwenzeka kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi abo.
Ngokwengeziwe, ngezici ezinjengokuvikelwa kwe-Bypass, ukuhlanganiswa kwepakethe, kanye namakhono okuhlunga, amathpethi wenethiwekhi anganikeza nezinhlangano ezinendlela ephephile yokugcina amanethiwekhi awo.
Ompompi benethiwekhi bahlinzeka ngezinhlangano ezinezinzuzo eziningana, njenge:
- Ukubonakala okubonakalayo kokugeleza kwethrafikhi yenethiwekhi.
- Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuhambisana.
- Ukuncibilika isikhathi sokuphumula ngokunikeza ukuqonda okuthe xaxa ngembangela yanoma yiziphi izingqinamba.
- Ukwanda kwenethiwekhi ukutholakala ngokuvumela amakhono okuqapha okugcwele.
- Izindleko ezincishisiwe zobunikazi ngoba zivame kakhulu ezomnotho kunezinye izixazululo.
I-Tap yenethiwekhi vs. Isibuko sePort Port (Ungayithola kanjani ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi? I-The Tap Tap vs Port Mirror?):
Ompompi wenethiwekhi (amaphuzu wokufinyelela kwethrafikhi) kanye ne-span (amachweba ahlaziya amachweba ashintshiwe) angamathuluzi amabili abalulekile wokuqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi. Ngenkathi bobabili behlinzeka ngokubonakala kumanethiwekhi, umehluko ocashile phakathi kwalokhu okubili kumele kuqondwe ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi okulungele kangcono isimo esithile.
I-Tap Network iyithuluzi langaphandle elixhumeka eqophelweni lokuxhumeka phakathi kwamadivayisi amabili avumela ukuqashwa kwezokuxhumana okudlula kukho. Ayiguquki noma iphazamise idatha edluliselwa futhi ayincikile ekushintsheni okulungiselelwe ukuyisebenzisa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, itheku le-span luhlobo olukhethekile lwe-switch turnal port lapho ithrafikhi engenayo naphumayo ibunjiwe khona ngelinye itheku lezinjongo zokuqapha. Amachweba we-Span angaba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukumisa kumompompi wenethiwekhi, futhi adinga ukusetshenziswa kwe-switch okuzosetshenziswa.
Ngakho-ke, ompompi wenethiwekhi balungele kakhulu izimo ezidinga ukubonakala okuphezulu, ngenkathi amachweba we-span elungele imisebenzi elula yokuqapha.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jul-12-2024
