Emkhakheni wokuphepha kwenethiwekhi, isistimu yokuthola ukungena kokungena (IDS) kanye nesistimu yokuvimbela ukungena (IPS) idlala indima ebalulekile. Lesi sihloko sizohlola ngokujulile izincazelo zabo, izindima, umehluko, nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza.
Iyini i-IDS(Intrusion Detection System)?
Incazelo ye-IDS
Isistimu yokutholwa kokungenela iyithuluzi lokuvikela eliqapha futhi lihlaziye ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi ukuze lihlonze imisebenzi enonya engenzeka noma ukuhlasela. Isesha amasiginesha afana namaphethini okuhlasela aziwayo ngokuhlola ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi, amalogi esistimu, nolunye ulwazi oluhlobene.
Isebenza kanjani i-IDS
I-IDS isebenza ikakhulukazi ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
Ukutholwa Kwesiginesha: I-IDS isebenzisa isiginesha echazwe ngaphambilini yamaphethini okuhlasela ukuze ifane, efana nezikena zamagciwane ukuze kutholwe amagciwane. I-IDS iphakamisa isexwayiso uma ithrafikhi iqukethe izici ezifana nalawa masiginesha.
Ukutholwa Okungaqondakali: I-IDS iqapha isisekelo somsebenzi wenethiwekhi evamile futhi iphakamisa izexwayiso uma ithola amaphethini ahluke kakhulu ekuziphatheni okuvamile. Lokhu kusiza ukuhlonza ukuhlaselwa okungaziwa noma okunoveli.
Ukuhlaziywa Kwephrothokholi: I-IDS ihlaziya ukusetshenziswa kwamaphrothokholi enethiwekhi futhi ithola ukuziphatha okungahambisani nezimiso ezijwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela ihlonze ukuhlaselwa okungase kube khona.
Izinhlobo ze-IDS
Ngokuya ngokuthi zisetshenziswa kuphi, i-IDS ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
I-ID yenethiwekhi (NIDS): Kufakwe kunethiwekhi ukuze kuqashwe yonke ithrafikhi egeleza kunethiwekhi. Ingakwazi ukubona kokubili ukuhlaselwa kwesendlalelo senethiwekhi nezokuthutha.
I-IDS Yomsingathi (HIDS): Isetshenziswe kumsingathi oyedwa ukuze kuqashwe umsebenzi wesistimu kulowo msingathi. Igxile kakhulu ekutholeni ukuhlaselwa kwezinga losokhaya njenge-malware nokuziphatha okungajwayelekile komsebenzisi.
Iyini i-IPS(Intrusion Prevention System)?
Incazelo ye-IPS
Amasistimu okuvimbela ukugxambukela angamathuluzi okuvikela athatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze amise noma avikele ekuhlaselweni okungase kube khona ngemva kokukubona. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-IDS, i-IPS ayilona nje ithuluzi lokuqapha nokwazisa, kodwa futhi iyithuluzi elingangenelela futhi livimbele izinsongo ezingaba khona.
Isebenza kanjani i-IPS
I-IPS ivikela isistimu ngokuvimbela ithrafikhi enonya egeleza kunethiwekhi. Umgomo wayo oyinhloko wokusebenza uhlanganisa:
Ukuvimbela Attack Traffic: Uma i-IPS ithola ithrafikhi yokuhlasela engaba khona, ingathatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuvimbela le thrafikhi ukuthi ingangeni kunethiwekhi. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kokuhlasela.
Isetha kabusha Isimo Soxhumano: I-IPS ingasetha kabusha isimo sokuxhuma esihlotshaniswa nokuhlasela okungase kube khona, kuphoqe umhlaseli ukuthi amise kabusha uxhumo futhi ngaleyo ndlela aphazamise ukuhlasela.
Ukulungisa Imithetho ye-Firewall: I-IPS ingashintsha ngokuguqukayo imithetho ye-firewall ukuze ivimbe noma ivumele izinhlobo ezithile zethrafikhi ukuthi zivumelane nezimo ezisongela isikhathi sangempela.
Izinhlobo ze-IPS
Ngokufanayo ne-IDS, i-IPS ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
Inethiwekhi ye-IPS (NIPS): Kufakwe kunethiwekhi ukuze kuqashwe futhi kuvikelwe ekuhlaselweni kuyo yonke inethiwekhi. Ingavikela ungqimba lwenethiwekhi nokuhlaselwa kwezingqimba zokuthutha.
Isikhungo se-IPS (HIPS): Ifakwe kumsingathi oyedwa ukuze inikeze ukuzivikela okunembe kakhudlwana, okusetshenziselwa ukuqapha ukuhlaselwa kwezinga losokhaya okufana nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha kanye nokuxhaphaza.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Intrusion Detection System (IDS) kanye ne-Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)?
Izindlela Ezihlukene Zokusebenza
I-IDS iwuhlelo lokuqapha olwenziwayo, olusetshenziswa kakhulukazi ukuthola nokuhlaba umkhosi. Ngokuphambene, i-IPS iyasebenza futhi iyakwazi ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela ekuhlaselweni okungase kube khona.
Ukuqhathaniswa Kwengozi Nomphumela
Ngenxa yesimo sokungenzi lutho se-IDS, ingase igeje noma amanga, kuyilapho ukuvikela okusebenzayo kwe-IPS kungase kuholele emlilweni wobungani. Kunesidingo sokulinganisa ubungozi kanye nempumelelo lapho usebenzisa zombili izinhlelo.
Ukwehluka kokusatshalaliswa nokucushwa
I-IDS ivamise ukuguquguquka futhi ingatshalwa ezindaweni ezihlukene kunethiwekhi. Ngokuphambene, ukuthunyelwa nokulungiselelwa kwe-IPS kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka kwethrafikhi evamile.
Ukusetshenziswa Okudidiyelwe kwe-IDS ne-IPS
I-IDS ne-IPS ziyaphelelisana, ngokuqapha kwe-IDS nokunikeza izexwayiso kanye ne-IPS ethatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezisheshayo lapho kudingeka. Inhlanganisela yazo ingakha umugqa wokuvikela wenethiwekhi obanzi kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukubuyekeza njalo imithetho, amasiginesha, nobuhlakani obusongelayo be-IDS ne-IPS. Izinsongo ze-Cyber zihlala zivela, futhi izibuyekezo ezifika ngesikhathi zingathuthukisa ikhono lesistimu lokuhlonza izinsongo ezintsha.
Kubalulekile ukulungisa imithetho ye-IDS ne-IPS ukuze ivumelane nemvelo ethile yenethiwekhi kanye nezidingo zenhlangano. Ngokwenza ngokwezifiso imithetho, ukunemba kwesistimu kungathuthukiswa futhi amaphuzu angamanga kanye nokulimala kobungane kungancishiswa.
I-IDS ne-IPS kumele ikwazi ukuphendula ezinsongweni ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sangempela. Impendulo esheshayo nenembile isiza ukuvimbela abahlaseli ekudaleni umonakalo omkhulu kunethiwekhi.
Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwethrafikhi yenethiwekhi nokuqonda amaphethini ethrafikhi avamile kungasiza ukuthuthukisa amandla okuthola okudidayo we-IDS futhi kunciphise amathuba okuba khona okungelona iqiniso.
Thola okulungileI-Network Packet Brokerukusebenza nge-IDS yakho (Isistimu Yokuthola Ukungena)
Thola okulungileI-Inline Bypass Tap Switchukusebenza ne-IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) yakho
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-26-2024
